Earth Materials Foundation 1   

This table is about gases that have evolved during the last 100 million years.

Question two 

The sentences below are about mountains. 

1. The more shallow mountains are older as they have been igneous pressure crust weathered and eroded. 

2. Other mountain ranges are formed by volcanic eruptions which cools to form igneous pressure crust weathered rock. 

3. New mountain ranges are formed by large scale movements in the earth's igneous pressure crust weathered

 4. The process of building mountains creates very high igneous pressure crust weathered and temperature. 

Question three

The sentences below are about crude oil which is a mixture of hydrocarbons.

 1. Crude oil can be separated into a number of parts called evaporation cracking condensed fractions  

2. evaporation cracking condensed fractions is a process of a liquid turning in to a vapour, these can then be evaporation cracking condensed fractions at different temperatures. 

3. evaporation cracking condensed fractions produces more useful, smaller hydrocarbons. 

Question four

 This table is about raw materials and substances made form them. 

Question five 

The diagram shows the earth's different layers.

 Choose from the list two statements that are correct.

 A. The core is made up of copper and aluminium.

 B. The core has a solid centre.

 C. The crust is made up of sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks. 

D. The middle layer is called magma.

 E. The crust is the most dense layer. 

A & C B & D B & C D & E C & E  

Question 6 

This question is about burning and the products of burning. 

6.1 About 0.07% of the air is A. nitrogen B. oxygen C. carbon dioxide D. sulphur dioxide  

6.2 When carbon burns in air the reaction can be represented by a word equation.. A. carbon + carbon dioxide forms calcium carbonate B. carbon + oxygen forms carbon dioxide C. carbon + oxygen forms carbon oxide D carbon dioxide forms calcium + oxygen

 6.3 These are three main substances produced when crude oil is burned: 

CRUDE OIL forms carbon dioxide + water vapour + sulphur dioxide 

The products in the reaction are all.... A. acids B. hydroxides C. oxides sulphates  

6.4 Plastics should be recycled because... A. they are made from ethene B. they cannot be burned C. they cannot be broken down by bacteria and fungi D. they do not react with oxygen  

Question seven 

Crude oil is a mixture of many hydrocarbons. In a fractionating column, the oil is separated into a number of fractions.

 7.1 The fraction containing hydrocarbons with the lowest boiling points is.... A. bitumen B. diesal C. petroleum gas petrol  

7.2 Hydrocarbons are.. A. compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms only B. compounds containing carbon and water C. compounds containing carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms D. mixtures of carbon and water.  

7.3 Which of the following fractions contain hydrocarbons with the smallest molecules? A. diesel B. lubricating oil C. paraffin D. petrol  

7.4 Hydrocarbons with smaller molecules... A. can ignite more easily B. are more viscous C. are less volatile D. have higher boiling points

 Question eight 

The diagram shows a limekiln, choose the words to label the diagram. 

1. Calcium carbonate limestone carbon dioxide quicklime fuel  

2. Waste gases (mainly) limestone carbon dioxide quicklime fuel  

3. Burned to heat limestone. limestone carbon dioxide quicklime fuel  

4. Calcium oxide limestone carbon dioxide quicklime fuel  

Question nine

Rocks and fossils are similar along the coastlines of South America and Africa. 

Choose two true statements below that support this. 

A. When the two continents moved towards each other fold mountains were formed. 

B. Africa was forced below South America to form mountains. 

C. The two continental plates have gradually moved apart.

 D. The two continental plates are gradually sliding past each other.

 E. The continents once all formed one land mass.

  A & B B & C C & D C & E  

Question ten

Shale   Mudstone  Sandstone  Limestone

The diagram shows layers of sedimentary rocks that have been exposed on a cliff side. 

10.1 The layers are have been laid down horizontally. Folding has occurred due to.... 

A. Huge movements in the earth's crust.

 B. Rocks sinking into the mantle. 

C. Wrinkling of the Earth's crust when it cooled.

 D. The weight of the mudstone. 

A B C D  

10.2 Which rocks are the youngest in this section? 

A. Limestone. 

B. Mudstone. 

C. Sandstone. 

D. Shale.

  A B C D  

10.3 Which of these occurrences is the last to affect the rocks.

 A. Folding 

B. Faulting 

C. Sandstone laid down. 

D. Mudstone laid down.

  A B C D  

10.4 Fossils discovered at rock X, 15 miles away are very similar to those found in the sandstone layer. This suggests that... 

A. rock X is older than the sandstone. 

B. rock X is younger than the sandstone.

 C. rock X is the same age as the sandstone. 

D. rock X is the same age as the mudstone. 

A B C D